Journal of Holistics and Health Sciences

Hubungan Pengetahuan, Tingkat Partisipasi Ibu, dan Asupan Makan Balita dengan Status Gizi Balita di Posyandu Melati 7 Desa Getas Pejaten Kudus

2026-03-08T16:16:37+00:00

Nutrition problems in toddlers remain a major public health concern in Indonesia. Based on the 2024 Indonesian Nutrition Status Survey (SSGI), the prevalence of nutrition problems in Central Java and Kudus Regency is still relatively high. Although the nutritional status of toddlers at the Melati 7 Posyandu in Getas Pejaten Village, Kudus, is relatively better than the regency average, the participation of mothers of toddlers in posyandu activities is still not optimal. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between mothers' knowledge, their level of participation in Posyandu, and toddlers' food intake with the nutritional status of toddlers aged 6-59 months. This study used an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The study sample consisted of 82 toddlers selected using total sampling technique. Data on mothers' knowledge was collected through questionnaires, mothers' participation levels were based on the frequency of posyandu visits, toddlers' food intake was measured using the SQ-FFQ questionnaire, and toddlers' nutritional status was based on the anthropometric indicator of weight-for-height. Data analysis was performed using Spearman's correlation test. The results showed that there was no significant relationship between mothers' knowledge about toddlers (p = 0.846) or health centers (p = 0.272) and the nutritional status of toddlers. Conversely, the level of mothers' participation in health centers showed a significant relationship (p = 0.002) with the nutritional status of toddlers, with a moderate negative correlation. In addition, toddler food intake, including (p = <0.001), protein (p = 0.002), fat (p = 0.010), and carbohydrates (p = 0.014), had a significant relationship with toddler nutritional status. The conclusion of this study is that there is no significant relationship between mothers' knowledge of nutrition and the nutritional status of toddlers. Conversely, the level of mothers' participation in posyandu has a significant relationship with the nutritional status of toddlers. In addition, toddler food intake, including adequate energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrates, is also significantly related to the nutritional status of toddlers.

ABSTRAK

Masalah gizi pada balita masih menjadi perhatian utama kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia. Berdasarkan Survei Status Gizi Indonesia (SSGI) tahun 2024, prevalensi masalah gizi di Jawa Tengah dan Kabupaten Kudus masih tergolong tinggi. Meskipun kondisi status gizi balita di Posyandu Melati 7 Desa Getas Pejaten Kudus relatif lebih baik dibandingkan rata-rata kabupaten, partisipasi ibu balita dalam kegiatan posyandu masih belum optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu, tingkat partisipasi ibu di posyandu, dan asupan makan balita dengan status gizi balita usia 6–59 bulan. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 82 balita yang dipilih menggunakan teknik total sampling. Data pengetahuan ibu melalui kuesioner, tingkat partisipasi ibu berdasarkan frekuensi kunjungan posyandu, asupan makan balita melalui kuesioner SQ-FFQ, dan status gizi balita berdasarkan indikator antropometri BB/TB. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan ibu tentang balita (p = 0,846) maupun posyandu (p = 0,272) dengan status gizi balita. Sebaliknya, tingkat partisipasi ibu di posyandu menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan (p = 0,002) dengan status gizi balita dengan arah hubungan negative sedang. Selain itu, asupan makan balita yang meliputi (p = <0,001), protein (p =0,002), lemak (p = 0,010), dan karbohidrat (p = 0,014) memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan status gizi balita. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan ibu mengenai gizi dengan status gizi balita. Sebaliknya, tingkat partisipasi ibu dalam posyandu memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan status gizi balita, selain itu, asupan makan balita yang meliputi kecukupan energi, protein, lemak, dan karbohidrat juga berhubungan secara signifikan dengan status gizi balita.

Hubungan Durasi Penggunaan Gadget dengan Interaksi Sosial dan Kualitas Tidur pada Anak Sekolah Dasar

2026-06-04T02:15:28+00:00

The use of gadgets among elementary school-aged children has increased rapidly alongside the advancement of digital technology. Excessive gadget exposure poses a risk of disrupting children's social interaction and sleep quality, particularly among those aged 10–12 years, a critical period for social and cognitive development. This study aimed to examine the relationship between gadget use duration and social interaction and sleep quality among fifth- and sixth-grade students at SD IT Insan Taqwa, Bekasi Regency. A quantitative correlational design with a cross-sectional approach was employed, involving 68 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a gadget use duration questionnaire, a social interaction questionnaire, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with Spearman's rank correlation test (α = 0.05). The results showed that the majority of respondents fell into the moderate category of gadget use duration (47.1%), moderate social interaction (61.8%), and poor sleep quality (54.4%). Spearman's correlation test revealed a significant negative relationship between gadget use duration and social interaction (r = −0.288; p = 0.017), and a significant positive relationship with PSQI score as an indicator of sleep quality (r = 0.352; p = 0.003). The strength of both correlations ranged from weak to moderate, indicating that gadget use duration is a meaningful contributing factor, but not the sole determinant. This study concludes that gadget use duration is significantly associated with social interaction and sleep quality among fifth- and sixth-grade students at SD IT Insan Taqwa, Bekasi. Parents are advised to consistently limit children's gadget use time, and schools are encouraged to integrate digital literacy programs into learning activities.

ABSTRAK

Penggunaan gadget pada anak usia sekolah dasar semakin meningkat pesat seiring perkembangan teknologi digital. Paparan gadget yang berlebihan berisiko mengganggu interaksi sosial dan kualitas tidur anak, khususnya pada usia 10–12 tahun yang berada dalam fase perkembangan sosial dan kognitif penting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara durasi penggunaan gadget dengan interaksi sosial dan kualitas tidur pada siswa kelas 5–6 di SD IT Insan Taqwa Kabupaten Bekasi. Penelitian menggunakan desain kuantitatif korelasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional pada 68 responden yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner durasi penggunaan gadget, kuesioner interaksi sosial, dan Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), kemudian dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji Spearman Rank (α = 0,05). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden berada pada kategori durasi penggunaan gadget sedang (47,1%), dengan interaksi sosial kategori sedang (61,8%) dan kualitas tidur buruk (54,4%). Uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara durasi penggunaan gadget dengan interaksi sosial (r = −0,288; p = 0,017) dan hubungan positif yang signifikan dengan skor PSQI sebagai indikator kualitas tidur (r = 0,352; p = 0,003), Kekuatan korelasi pada kedua hubungan tersebut berada pada rentang lemah hingga sedang, yang menunjukkan bahwa durasi penggunaan gadget merupakan faktor kontributor yang bermakna, namun tidak berdiri sebagai satu-satunya determinan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa durasi penggunaan gadget berhubungan signifikan dengan interaksi sosial dan kualitas tidur siswa kelas 5–6 SD IT Insan Taqwa Bekasi. Penelitian ini menyarankan agar orang tua dapat membatasi waktu gadget secara konsisten, sekolah mengintegrasikan literasi digital dan sekolah mengintegrasikan literasi digital ke dalam kegiatan pembelajaran.

Hubungan ILA dengan Infeksi, Burst Abdomen, dan Ileus Obstruktif Komplikasi Pascaoperasi pada Kanker Kolorektal

2026-06-26T06:43:59+00:00

Colorectal cancer surgery carries substantial risk of postoperative complications surgical site infection, burst abdomen, and obstructive ileus that worsen morbidity and mortality. The Lymphocyte-Albumin Index (LAI), integrating immune and nutritional status, is a potential prognostic biomarker. To evaluate the association between preoperative LAI and postoperative infection, burst abdomen, and obstructive ileus in colorectal cancer patients at Prof. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital. A retrospective cohort study of 72 colorectal cancer patients operated between January and December 2024, followed for 30 days postoperatively. LAI was calculated as absolute lymphocyte count (cells/µL) × serum albumin (g/dL). Controls were patients without complications during the same observation period. Associations were analyzed using Independent t-Test, Mann-Whitney U, Spearman correlation, and ROC analysis. LAI was significantly lower in infection (5.14), burst abdomen (5.40), and ileus (5.45) groups versus controls (7.25; p < 0.05). A significant negative correlation was found (r = −0.421; p < 0.001). The initial AUC of 0.219 fell below the reference line, indicating reversed classification direction; the direction-corrected AUC (1−AUC) of 0.781 indicated fair discriminative ability. Lower LAI is associated with higher postoperative complication risk, with fair discriminative capacity after direction correction; prospective validation with multivariate adjustment is warranted.

ABSTRAK

Kanker kolorektal sering disertai komplikasi pascaoperasi seperti infeksi luka operasi, burst abdomen, dan ileus obstruktif yang meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas. Indeks Limfosit-Albumin (ILA), parameter gabungan status imun dan nutrisi, berpotensi menjadi biomarker prognostik komplikasi tersebut. Menganalisis hubungan ILA preoperatif dengan kejadian infeksi, burst abdomen, dan ileus obstruktif pascaoperasi pada pasien kanker kolorektal di RSUP Prof. I.G.N.G Ngoerah. Studi kohort retrospektif pada 72 pasien kanker kolorektal yang menjalani operasi Januari–Desember 2024, ditelusuri hingga 30 hari pascaoperasi. ILA dihitung dari limfosit absolut (sel/µL) dikalikan albumin serum (g/dL); kelompok kontrol adalah pasien tanpa komplikasi pada periode observasi yang sama. Hubungan dianalisis dengan Independent t-Test, Mann-Whitney U, korelasi Spearman, dan kurva ROC. ILA secara signifikan lebih rendah pada kelompok infeksi (5,14), burst abdomen (5,40), dan ileus (5,45) dibandingkan kontrol (7,25; p < 0,05). Terdapat korelasi negatif bermakna (r = -0,421; p < 0,001). Nilai AUC awal (0,219) berada di bawah garis referensi, menunjukkan arah klasifikasi terbalik; nilai terkoreksi (1-AUC = 0,781) menunjukkan kemampuan diskriminatif sedang. ILA rendah berhubungan dengan peningkatan risiko komplikasi pascaoperasi kanker kolorektal, dengan kemampuan diskriminatif sedang setelah koreksi arah; validasi prospektif dengan penyesuaian multivariat diperlukan.

ABSTRAK

Pengaruh Hiperoksigenisasi Terhadap Saturasi Oksigen Saat Suction Pra-Ekstubasi Pasien Laparoskopi

2026-06-26T10:02:09+00:00

Endotracheal tube (ETT) suctioning prior to extubation in laparoscopic patients poses a risk of decreasing oxygen saturation due to temporary ventilation interruption and a reduction in alveolar oxygen reserves, which is compounded by pneumoperitoneum effects. This study aimed to analyze the effect of hyperoxygenation on oxygen saturation () changes during pre-extubation suctioning in laparoscopic patients. A quasi-experimental design with a pre-post test control group approach was employed. A total of 60 adult respondents (aged 18–59 years, ASA physical status I–II, predominantly female, and mostly undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy) were selected via consecutive sampling using a time-based cluster allocation method (odd weeks for intervention, even weeks for control) and equally divided into two groups. The intervention group () received hyperoxygenation with 100% for 1 minute continuously via manual bagging prior to suctioning, while the control group () received standard hospital oxygenation. The parameter was measured using a pulse oximeter integrated into the anesthesia monitor. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests. The results showed that the control group experienced a significant decrease in mean from to , with a mean delta decrease () of (). Conversely, the intervention group demonstrated an increase in mean from to , with a mean delta increase () of (). The Mann-Whitney test revealed a highly significant difference in values between the two groups (). In conclusion, hyperoxygenation prior to pre-extubation suctioning is highly effective in maintaining oxygen saturation stability and preventing desaturation in post-laparoscopic patients.

ABSTRAK

Tindakan suction endotracheal tube (ETT) sebelum ekstubasi pada pasien laparoskopi berisiko menurunkan saturasi oksigen akibat interupsi ventilasi sementara dan penurunan cadangan oksigen alveolar serta diperberat oleh efek pneumoperitoneum. Hiperoksigenisasi dengan pemberian FiO₂ tinggi sebelum suction merupakan strategi preventif untuk mempertahankan stabilitas oksigenasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh hiperoksigenisasi terhadap perubahan saturasi oksigen (SpO₂) saat suction pra-ekstubasi pada pasien laparoskopi. Desain penelitian menggunakan quasi-experimental dengan pendekatan pre-post test dengan control group. Sampel berjumlah 60 responden dewasa (18–59 tahun, status fisik ASA I–II, mayoritas perempuan dan didominasi bedah laparoskopi kolelitiasis) dipilih menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling metode alokasi cluster berdasarkan waktu (minggu ganjil intervensi, minggu genap kontrol) dibagi secara rata: kelompok intervensi () mendapatkan hiperoksigenisasi 100% selama 1 menit kontinu melalui manual bagging sebelum suction, dan kelompok kontrol mendapatkan oksigenisasi standar rumah sakit. Parameter diukur menggunakan pulse oximeter terintegrasi pada monitor anestesi. Analisis data menggunakan uji Wilcoxon dan Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelompok kontrol mengalami penurunan rerata dari menjadi dengan selisih penurunan rerata sebesar . Sebaliknya, kelompok intervensi mengalami peningkatan rerata dari menjadi dengan selisih kenaikan rerata sebesar . Uji Mann-Whitney mendeteksi perbedaan perubahan nilai yang sangat signifikan antar kedua kelompok . Pemberian hiperoksigenisasi sebelum tindakan suction pra-ekstubasi terbukti efektif secara signifikan dalam mempertahankan stabilitas dan mencegah desaturasi oksigen pada pasien pasca-laparoskopi.

Fraktur Nasal sebagai Faktor Prediktor Terjadinya Lesi Intrakranial dan Derajat Keparahan Cedera Kepala di RSUP Prof. Ngoerah Denpasar

2026-07-16T06:06:23+00:00

Nasal fracture is the third most common facial fracture globally and carries a risk of head injury and intracranial lesions, yet incidence data in Bali remain limited. To assess nasal fracture as a predictor of intracranial lesions and head injury severity at Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital, Denpasar. A retrospective cross-sectional study reviewed medical records of adult patients (>18 years) treated from January 2021 to December 2023. Seventy-one patients were selected by consecutive sampling based on completeness of CT-scan and initial GCS data; associations were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate tests (SPSS v.25; α=0.05). Nasal fracture was found in 42 patients (59.2%); intracranial lesions in 35 patients (49.3%) and moderate-severe injury (GCS ≤12) in 41 patients (57.7%). Multivariate analysis identified age >40 years (aOR 5.18; 95%CI 1.35–19.77; p=0.016) and nasal fracture (aOR 7.12; 95%CI 2.22–22.81; p=0.001) as independent predictors of intracranial lesions; nasal fracture also independently predicted moderate-severe injury (aOR 6.01; 95%CI 2.03–17.78; p=0.001).: Nasal fracture is an independent predictor of intracranial lesions and moderate-severe head injury, and may serve as an early clinical marker in craniofacial trauma triage.

ABSTRAK

Fraktur nasal merupakan fraktur tulang wajah paling umum ketiga secara global dan berisiko menimbulkan cedera kepala serta lesi intrakranial, namun data insidennya di Bali masih terbatas. Menilai fraktur nasal sebagai prediktor lesi intrakranial dan derajat keparahan cedera kepala di RSUP Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah, Denpasar. Studi potong lintang retrospektif dilaksanakan melalui penelusuran rekam medis pasien dewasa (>18 tahun) yang dirawat pada Januari 2021–Desember 2023. Sebanyak 71 pasien dipilih secara consecutive sampling berdasarkan kelengkapan data CT-scan dan skor GCS awal; hubungan fraktur nasal dengan lesi intrakranial dan keparahan cedera dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-Square dan regresi logistik biner (SPSS v.25; α=0,05). Fraktur nasal ditemukan pada 42 pasien (59,2%); lesi intrakranial pada 35 pasien (49,3%) dan cedera sedang-berat (GCS ≤12) pada 41 pasien (57,7%). Analisis multivariat menunjukkan usia >40 tahun (aOR 5,18; 95%CI 1,35–19,77; p=0,016) dan fraktur nasal (aOR 7,12; 95%CI 2,22–22,81; p=0,001) sebagai prediktor independen lesi intrakranial; fraktur nasal juga menjadi prediktor independen cedera sedang-berat (aOR 6,01; 95%CI 2,03–17,78; p=0,001). Fraktur nasal merupakan prediktor independen lesi intrakranial dan keparahan cedera kepala sedang-berat, sehingga dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai penanda klinis awal dalam triase pasien trauma kraniofasial.

Studi In Vitro Aktivitas Antibakteri dan Antifungi Minyak Atsiri Bunga Lily (Lilium) terhadap Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175) dan Candida albicans (ATCC 1023)

2026-05-18T09:53:58+00:00

Dental caries is a common oral health problem primarily caused by the bacterium Streptococcus mutans and the fungus Candida albicans. The use of chemical antimicrobial agents may cause adverse effects, highlighting the need for safer natural alternatives such as Lilium (lily) essential oil. This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of Lilium essential oil against Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans in vitro using the well diffusion method. A laboratory experimental design was conducted using essential oil concentrations of 10%, 15%, and 20%. The evaluated parameters included phytochemical screening, physical quality, and inhibition zone diameter. The results showed that Lilium essential oil contained alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, and terpenoids and exhibited good physical quality. The inhibition zones against Streptococcus mutans were 1.97 ± 0.38 mm, 5.35 ± 2.06 mm, and 11.40 ± 0.91 mm, while those against Candida albicans were 4.30 ± 0.86 mm, 7.35 ± 1.20 mm, and 17.40 ± 0.75 mm at 10%, 15%, and 20%, respectively. Statistical analysis showed significant differences among concentrations (p < 0.05), with 20% demonstrating the strongest antimicrobial activity.

ABSTRAK

Karies gigi merupakan masalah kesehatan mulut yang banyak disebabkan oleh bakteri Streptococcus mutans dan jamur Candida albicans. Penggunaan bahan kimia sebagai antimikroba berpotensi menimbulkan efek samping, sehingga diperlukan alternatif alami, salah satunya minyak atsiri bunga lily (Lilium). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas minyak atsiri bunga lily dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans dan Candida albicans secara in vitro menggunakan metode well diffusion. Penelitian eksperimen laboratorium ini menggunakan konsentrasi 10%, 15%, dan 20%. Parameter yang diamati meliputi skrining fitokimia, mutu fisik minyak atsiri, dan diameter zona hambat. Hasil menunjukkan minyak atsiri bunga lily mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, fenol, dan terpenoid serta memiliki mutu fisik yang baik. Aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Streptococcus mutans menghasilkan zona hambat 1,97 ± 0,38 mm; 5,35 ± 2,06 mm; dan 11,40 ± 0,91 mm, sedangkan aktivitas antifungi terhadap Candida albicans sebesar 4,30 ± 0,86 mm; 7,35 ± 1,20 mm; dan 17,40 ± 0,75 mm pada konsentrasi 10%, 15%, dan 20%. Analisis statistik menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (p < 0,05), dengan konsentrasi 20% sebagai yang paling efektif menghambat pertumbuhan kedua mikroorganisme.

Aggressive Manifestation of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis: Rapid Progression from Hemiparesthesia to Spastic Tetraparesis Within 24 Hours in a Young Male – A Case Report

2026-07-28T01:46:39+00:00

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVST) is an uncommon cause of stroke, accounting for less than 1% of cerebrovascular events worldwide, and predominantly affects young adults with highly variable and nonspecific neurological manifestations. Delayed recognition may lead to significant neurological deterioration due to venous congestion, cerebral edema, and venous infarction. We report a 33-year-old male who presented with acute right-sided hemiparesthesia upon awakening, preceded by five days of persistent occipital headache. Within hours of admission, he developed right-sided hemiparesis, dysarthria, supranuclear cranial nerve VII and XII palsy, and recurrent generalized seizures. Non-contrast computed tomography revealed a hypodense lesion in the left parietal lobe with hemorrhagic components consistent with venous infarction, along with hyperdensity in the superior sagittal sinus suggestive of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. The patient was managed with antiepileptic therapy and close supportive care. Within 24 hours, he experienced rapid neurological deterioration progressing to spastic tetraparesis. This case highlights an aggressive clinical course of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and underscores the importance of early recognition in young patients presenting with acute neurological deficits, particularly when preceded by persistent headache or accompanied by seizures, to prevent delayed diagnosis and severe neurological complications.

Peran Potensial N-Asetilsistein dalam Penatalaksanaan Stroke Iskemik Akut: Sebuah Tinjauan Sistematis

2026-07-28T06:54:02+00:00

Stroke is the second leading cause of death and a major cause of disability worldwide; oxidative stress and inflammation are key pathophysiological mechanisms in acute ischemic stroke that worsen neuronal injury and clinical outcomes. N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a glutathione precursor with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and thrombolytic properties, is considered a promising adjuvant therapy. This review aimed to summarize evidence on NAC’s efficacy and safety in acute ischemic stroke, following PRISMA 2020 and searching PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, and ProQuest up to September 2025, supplemented by Google Scholar; eligible studies involved adult patients receiving NAC, alone or combined, with reported clinical outcomes or oxidative biomarkers. Of 618 articles identified, four studies (194 patients) met the inclusion criteria. NAC consistently improved NIHSS scores and 90-day modified Rankin Scale outcomes (p<0.05), while reducing oxidative biomarkers such as MDA, neopterin, and total oxidant status (p<0.05), alongside increases in total antioxidant capacity, SOD, and GPx (p<0.001); one study reported an 82% reduction in von Willebrand Factor multimers (p<0.001), although one trial found no significant difference in long-term mRS outcomes (p=0.85). NAC was generally well tolerated, though two fatal intracerebral hemorrhages occurred in patients with prior antiplatelet use. Current evidence remains limited, warranting large multicenter randomized trials.

ABSTRAK

Stroke merupakan penyebab kematian kedua dan penyebab utama disabilitas secara global; stres oksidatif dan inflamasi menjadi mekanisme patofisiologis kunci pada stroke iskemik akut yang memperberat kerusakan neuron dan memperburuk luaran klinis. N-asetilsistein (NAC), sebagai prekursor glutation, memiliki aktivitas antioksidan, antiinflamasi, dan potensi trombolitik sehingga dipertimbangkan sebagai terapi adjuvan yang menjanjikan. Tinjauan sistematis ini bertujuan merangkum bukti efektivitas dan keamanan NAC pada stroke iskemik akut, mengikuti pedoman PRISMA 2020 dengan penelusuran PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, dan ProQuest hingga September 2025 serta pencarian manual via Google Scholar; studi diinklusi bila melibatkan pasien dewasa penerima NAC (monoterapi/kombinasi) dengan laporan luaran klinis atau biomarker oksidatif. Dari 618 artikel yang teridentifikasi, empat studi dengan 194 pasien memenuhi kriteria inklusi. NAC secara konsisten memperbaiki skor NIHSS dan modified Rankin Scale hari ke-90 (p<0,05), serta menurunkan biomarker oksidatif MDA, neopterin, dan total oxidant status (p<0,05) disertai peningkatan kapasitas antioksidan total, SOD, dan GPx (p<0,001); satu studi melaporkan penurunan multimer von Willebrand Factor 82% (p<0,001), meski satu uji klinis tidak menemukan perbedaan mRS jangka panjang (p=0,85). NAC umumnya ditoleransi baik, meski dua kasus perdarahan intraserebral fatal tercatat pada pasien dengan riwayat antiplatelet. Bukti yang tersedia masih terbatas sehingga diperlukan uji klinis acak terkontrol multisenter berskala besar.

Efektivitas Ekstrak Buah Senggani (Melastoma malabathricum L.) sebagai Pewarna Inti Sel Alternatif Hematoksilin pada Preparat Histologi Hepar Mencit (Mus musculus)

2026-07-20T08:29:52+00:00

Nuclear staining is an important step in histological examination to clarify cell and tissue structure. Hematoxylin is a widely used nuclear stain, but its use still has several limitations, including dependence on imported materials and the use of synthetic chemicals. Therefore, it is necessary to develop more environmentally friendly natural dyes as an alternative histological stain. This study aims to evaluate the potential of senggani fruit extract (Melastoma malabathricum L.) as an alternative nuclear stain compared to hematoxylin in liver histology preparations of mice (Mus musculus). This study is an experimental laboratory study using two groups, namely the control group (hematoxylin) and the treatment group (senggani fruit extract). The study sample consisted of 32 liver histology preparations of mice divided into 16 control preparations and 16 treatment preparations. Assessment of staining quality was carried out based on the intensity and sharpness of the nuclear color, then analyzed descriptively and using the Mann–Whitney test. The results showed that all preparations in the control group obtained a higher staining quality score (mean = 6), while all preparations in the treatment group obtained a mean score of 2, indicating a lower quality of cell nucleus staining compared to the control group. The results of the Mann–Whitney test showed a significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.001). Based on these results, it can be concluded that senggani fruit extract has not been able to produce a quality of cell nucleus staining that is equivalent to hematoxylin under the conditions of this study. However, senggani fruit extract still has the potential to be developed as a natural histological dye through optimization of concentration, extraction method, use of mordant, and staining conditions.

ABSTRAK

Pewarnaan inti sel merupakan tahapan penting dalam pemeriksaan histologi untuk memperjelas struktur sel dan jaringan. Hematoksilin merupakan pewarna inti sel yang digunakan secara luas, namun penggunaannya masih memiliki beberapa keterbatasan, antara lain ketergantungan terhadap bahan impor serta penggunaan bahan kimia sintetis. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pengembangan pewarna alami yang lebih ramah lingkungan sebagai alternatif pewarna histologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi potensi ekstrak buah senggani (Melastoma malabathricum L.) sebagai alternatif pewarna inti sel dibandingkan hematoksilin pada preparat histologi hepar mencit (Mus musculus). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian laboratorium eksperimental (experimental laboratory study) yang menggunakan dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol (hematoksilin) dan kelompok perlakuan (ekstrak buah senggani). Sampel penelitian terdiri atas 32 preparat histologi hepar mencit yang dibagi menjadi 16 preparat kontrol dan 16 preparat perlakuan. Penilaian kualitas pewarnaan dilakukan berdasarkan intensitas dan ketajaman warna inti sel, kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif dan menggunakan uji Mann–Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh preparat pada kelompok kontrol memperoleh skor kualitas pewarnaan yang lebih tinggi (rerata = 6), sedangkan seluruh preparat pada kelompok perlakuan memperoleh rerata skor 2, yang menunjukkan kualitas pewarnaan inti sel lebih rendah dibandingkan kelompok kontrol. Hasil uji Mann–Whitney menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kedua kelompok (p < 0,001). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak buah senggani belum mampu menghasilkan kualitas pewarnaan inti sel yang setara dengan hematoksilin pada kondisi penelitian ini. Meskipun demikian, ekstrak buah senggani masih berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai pewarna alami histologi melalui optimasi konsentrasi, metode ekstraksi, penggunaan mordant, dan kondisi pewarnaan.

Effectiveness of Proactive Educational Videos in Improving Adolescents Knowledge of Kidney Failure Preventions at Ma Al Asror

2026-06-24T05:05:59+00:00

Kidney failure is one of the non-communicable diseases whose prevalence continues to increase and can affect various age groups, including adolescents. Adolescents' low knowledge of risk factors, early symptoms, and prevention of kidney failure disease can lead to delays in early detection. The use of proactive video media as an early warning system is expected to increase adolescents' knowledge about kidney failure. Knowing the effectiveness of proactive videos as an early warning system for kidney failure in adolescents at MA Al Asror. This study uses a pre-experimental design with a one group pretest-posttest design approach. The research sample totaled 30 students who were selected using the total sampling technique. Data collection was carried out using a knowledge questionnaire about kidney failure disease consisting of 10 questions. Data analysis was carried out univariate to describe the distribution of respondent and bivariate knowledge using the Paired Sample t-Test to determine differences in knowledge before and after the intervention. Before being given proactive videos, most respondents had a low level of knowledge as many as 17 respondents (56.7%), with an average knowledge score of 5.13 ± 1.43. After being given a proactive video, most of the respondents had a good category knowledge level of 24 respondents (80.0%), with the average knowledge score increasing to 8.43 ± 0.97. The results of the Paired Sample t-Test showed a p-value of 0.0001, which showed a significant difference between knowledge before and after the provision of proactive video. Proactive videos are effective as an early warning system in increasing adolescents' knowledge about kidney failure at MA Al Asror. Video media can be used as one of the digital-based health promotion strategies to increase adolescents' awareness and awareness of kidney failure.

Efektivitas Salep Ekstrak Daun Matoa (Pometia Pinnata) terhadap Penyembuhan Luka Bakar Derajat II pada Mencit (Mus musculus)

2026-05-14T11:36:21+00:00

Matoa (Pometia pinnata) leaves contain flavonoids, saponins, and tannins with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, and skin regenerative activities that promote burn wound healing. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Pometia pinnata leaf extract ointment in healing second-degree burns in mice (Mus musculus). The leaves were extracted by maceration using 70% ethanol. The extract was qualitatively screened for phytochemicals and formulated into ointments: F0 (ointment base), F1 (5% w/w), F2 (7.5% w/w), and F3 (10% w/w). Organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesiveness, and viscosity were evaluated. F0 was a white semi-solid ointment with the characteristic odor of the base, whereas F1–F3 were light- to dark-brown semi-solid ointments with the characteristic odor of the extract. All formulations were homogeneous. Viscosity ranged from 9,087±977 to 13,697±468 cPs, spreadability from 5.07±0.08 to 5.25±0.05 cm, adhesiveness from 9.33±0.44 to 13.24±0.84 s, and pH from 4.62±0.02 to 5.96±0.08. Significant differences were observed in viscosity (p<0.001), spreadability (p=0.015), adhesiveness (p<0.001), and pH (p<0.001). On day 14, wound healing reached 96% in F0 and 100% in F1–F3 and the positive control (p=0.406). The 10% w/w Pometia pinnata leaf extract ointment was the most effective formulation for accelerating second-degree burn wound healing.

ABSTRAK

Daun matoa (Pometia pinnata) mengandung flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin yang berperan dalam penyembuhan luka. Senyawa tersebut memiliki aktivitas antioksidan, antiinflamasi, antiseptik dan merangsang regenerasi sel kulit sehingga mempercepat penyembuhan luka bakar. Luka bakar derajat II ditandai kerusakan epidermis dan sebagian dermis disertai nyeri serta lepuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas salep ekstrak daun matoa terhadap penyembuhan luka bakar derajat II pada mencit (Mus musculus). Ekstraksi daun matoa dilakukan dengan maserasi menggunakan etanol 70%. Ekstrak diskrining fitokimia secara kualitatif dan diformulasikan menjadi salep F0 (basis), F1 (5% b/b), F2 (7,5% b/b), dan F3 (10% b/b). Evaluasi meliputi organoleptis, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar, daya lekat, dan viskositas. F0 berbentuk semi padat, berwarna putih, dan berbau khas basis, sedangkan F1–F3 berbentuk semi padat, berwarna cokelat muda hingga cokelat tua, dan berbau khas ekstrak. Seluruh formula homogen. Nilai viskositas 9.087±977–13.697±468 cPs, daya sebar 5,07±0,08–5,25±0,05 cm, daya lekat 9,33±0,44–13,24±0,84 detik, serta pH 4,62±0,02–5,96±0,08. Analisis statistik menunjukkan viskositas (p<0,001), daya sebar (p=0,015), daya lekat (p<0,001), dan pH (p<0,001) berbeda signifikan. Persentase kesembuhan hari ke-14 mencapai 96% pada F0 dan 100% pada F1, F2, F3, serta kontrol positif (p=0,406). Konsentrasi 10% b/b paling optimal mempercepat penyembuhan luka bakar.

Gel Ekstrak Daun Pulai (Alstonia scholaris) sebagai Wound Healing pada Hewan Mencit (Mus musculus)

2026-05-14T12:22:06+00:00

Alstonia scholaris leaves contain flavonoids, saponins, and tannins that promote wound healing. Wound healing is a biological process that restores damaged tissue. Incision wounds are caused by sharp objects with smooth edges and may extend into deeper tissue. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Alstonia scholaris leaf extract gel on incision wound healing in Mus musculus. The extract underwent qualitative phytochemical screening and was formulated into F0 (base), F1 (1% w/w), F2 (5% w/w), and F3 (10% w/w) gels. Evaluation included organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesiveness, and viscosity. F0 was a clear, semi-solid gel with a base odor, whereas F1–F3 were semi-solid gels with a brownish-orange to dark brown color and an extract odor. All formulations were homogeneous. The pH ranged from 4.61±0.10 to 5.83±0.016, spreadability from 5.2±0.13 to 5.88±0.13 cm, adhesiveness from 4.48±0.51 to 7.87±1.52 s, and viscosity from 4,046.67±30.55 to 14,540±408.45 cps. Statistical analysis showed significant differences in pH (p<0.001), spreadability (p=0.003), adhesiveness (p=0.017), and viscosity (p=0.016). Wound healing on day 14 reached 96% in F0 and 100% in F1, F2, F3, and the positive control (p=0.080). The 1% w/w gel was most effective for accelerating incision wound healing.

ABSTRAK

Daun pulai (Alstonia scholaris) mengandung flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin yang berperan dalam penyembuhan luka. Penyembuhan luka merupakan proses biologis kompleks untuk memperbaiki jaringan yang rusak. Luka sayat merupakan luka akibat benda tajam dengan tepi rata yang dapat mencapai jaringan lebih dalam. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas gel ekstrak daun pulai terhadap penyembuhan luka sayat pada mencit (Mus musculus). Ekstrak daun pulai dilakukan skrining fitokimia secara kualitatif dan diformulasikan menjadi gel F0 sebagai basis, F1 (1% b/b), F2 (5% b/b), serta F3 (10% b/b). Evaluasi meliputi organoleptis, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar, daya lekat, dan viskositas. F0 berbentuk semi padat, bening, dan berbau khas basis, sedangkan F1-F3 berbentuk semi padat, berwarna jingga kecokelatan hingga cokelat pekat, dan berbau khas ekstrak. Seluruh formula homogen. Nilai pH 4,61±0,10–5,83±0,016, daya sebar 5,2±0,13–5,88±0,13 cm, daya lekat 4,48±0,51–7,87±1,52 detik, dan viskositas 4.046,67±30,55–14.540±408,45 cps. Analisis statistik menunjukkan pH (p<0,001), daya sebar (p=0,003), daya lekat (p=0,017), dan viskositas (p=0,016) berbeda signifikan. Persentase kesembuhan hari ke-14 mencapai 96% pada F0 dan 100% pada F1, F2, F3 serta kontrol positif, tanpa perbedaan signifikan (p=0,080). Konsentrasi 1% b/b paling optimal mempercepat penyembuhan luka sayat.

Efektivitas Gel Daun Matoa (Pometia pinnata) terhadap Kesembuhan Luka Bakar pada Mencit

2026-06-01T08:22:13+00:00

Burn injuries impair skin function and increase the risk of infection. Matoa (Pometia pinnata) leaves contain flavonoids, tannins, and saponins with anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and tissue-regenerating activities. This study evaluated the physical characteristics and wound-healing efficacy of an ethanol extract gel of P. pinnata leaves in a second-degree burn model in mice (Mus musculus). The leaves were extracted by maceration followed by remaceration using 70% ethanol. The extract was formulated into gels containing 5%, 7.5%, and 10% extract, while the gel base served as the negative control. All formulations met the requirements for topical gels, with pH values of 4.74–5.83, spreadability of 5.15–6.13 cm, adhesiveness of 4.63–5.93 s, and viscosity of 5,960–7,328 cPs. Statistical analysis showed significant differences in pH (p<0.001), spreadability (p<0.001), adhesiveness (p=0.014), and viscosity (p<0.001) among the formulations. After 14 days, wound healing reached 92% in F0, 96% in F1, and 100% in F2, F3, and the positive control. No significant difference in wound-healing efficacy was observed among the groups (p=0.213). The 10% gel exhibited the most favorable wound-healing activity

ABSTRAK

Luka bakar dapat menyebabkan gangguan fungsi kulit dan meningkatkan risiko infeksi. Daun matoa (Pometia pinnata) mengandung flavonoid, tanin, dan saponin yang berpotensi sebagai antiinflamasi, antibakteri, dan mempercepat regenerasi jaringan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi sifat fisik dan efektivitas gel ekstrak etanol daun matoa terhadap penyembuhan luka bakar derajat II pada mencit (Mus musculus). Ekstraksi daun matoa dilakukan dengan metode maserasi yang dilanjutkan remaserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 70%. Ekstrak diformulasikan dalam gel berkonsentrasi F1 (5% b/b), F2 (7,5% b/b), serta F3 (10% b/b). sedangkan basis gel digunakan sebagai kontrol negatif. Hasil evaluasi fisik menunjukkan seluruh formula memenuhi persyaratan sediaan gel topikal dengan pH 4,74±0,05–5,83±0,10, daya sebar 5,15±0,13–6,13±0,08 cm, daya lekat 4,63±0,09–5,93±0,54 detik, dan viskositas 5.960±0,090–7.328±0,039 cPs. Analisis statistik menunjukkan nilai pH (p<0,001), daya sebar (p<0,001), daya lekat (p=0,014), dan viskositas (p<0,001) berbeda signifikan antarformula. Pengujian efektivitas selama 14 hari menunjukkan persentase kesembuhan luka sebesar 92% pada F0, 96% pada F1, dan 100% pada F2, F3, serta kontrol positif. Analisis statistik menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antar kelompok (p=0,213). Formula gel ekstrak etanol daun matoa konsentrasi 10% menunjukkan efektivitas penyembuhan luka bakar paling optimal.

Formulasi dan Uji Mutu Fisik Face Mist Ekstrak Daun Jamblang (Syzygium cumini L.) serta Aktivitas Antibakteri terhadap Propionibacterium acnes

2026-06-25T01:56:56+00:00

Acne vulgaris is a skin disorder caused by excessive sebum production, which leads to inflammation of the hair follicles and sebaceous glands. This condition is characterized by the appearance of reddish lesions triggered by infection with the bacterium Propionibacterium acnes. Although synthetic antibiotics are effective, the risk of side effects and bacterial resistance has encouraged the search for natural alternatives. This study aimed to formulate a face mist that meets physical quality requirements using jamblang leaf extract as the active ingredient and to evaluate its antibacterial activity against P. acnes. This study employed an experimental research design. Jamblang leaf extract was formulated into a face mist at concentrations of 3%, 5%, and 7% (w/v). The physical quality of the formulations was evaluated through organoleptic and homogeneity tests, viscosity, pH, specific gravity, spray spreadability, and drying time. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the well-diffusion method and analyzed using One-Way ANOVA. The results showed that jamblang leaves contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids, and terpenoids. The face mist formulations were green in color, had a characteristic leaf aroma, and exhibited a liquid consistency. The viscosity ranged from 1.16 ± 0.115 cP to 4.40 ± 0.754 cP, pH ranged from 4.86 ± 0.045 to 5.40 ± 0.045, specific gravity ranged from 1.018 ± 0.010 g/mL to 1.044 ± 0.002 g/mL, spray spreadability ranged from 5.40 ± 0.057 cm to 7.00 ± 0 cm, and drying time ranged from 2.42 ± 0.02 to 4.35 ± 0.075 minutes. The antibacterial activity of face mist formulations F1 (3%), F2 (5%), and F3 (7%) against P. acnes produced inhibition zones of 10.27 ± 1.625 mm, 14.79 ± 3.215 mm, and 18.67 ± 3.230 mm, respectively. All face mist formulations met the requirements for good physical quality. Based on the antibacterial activity results, F1 (3%) was categorized as having moderate activity, while F2 (5%) and F3 (7%) were categorized as having strong activity. The One-Way ANOVA results showed a significance value of <0.05, indicating a significant difference in antibacterial activity among the different formulations. A Post Hoc LSD test was performed to identify the specific formulation groups with significant differences. The results showed a significant difference between F1 (3%) and F3 (7%). However, no significant differences were found between F1 (3%) and F2 (5%) or between F2 (5%) and F3 (7%), as the significance values were >0.05. Overall, the inhibition-zone results showed that the three formulations exhibited different levels of antibacterial activity, with F1 (3%) showing moderate activity, while F2 (5%) and F3 (7%) demonstrated strong antibacterial activity.

ABSTRAK

Jerawat (Acne vulgaris) merupakan gangguan kulit akibat produksi sebum berlebih yang menyebabkan peradangan pada folikel rambut dan kelenjar sebasea. Kondisi ini ditandai dengan munculnya bintil kemerahan yang dipicu oleh infeksi bakteri Propionibacterium acnes Antibiotik sintesis efektif tetapi risiko efek samping dan resistensi bakteri mendorong pencarian alternatif alami. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memformulasikan face mist yang memenuhi mutu fisik menggunakan ekstrak daun jamblang sebagai zat aktif serta menguji aktivitas antibakterinya terhadap P. acnes. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimental. Metode penelitian ini ekstrak daun jamblang diformulasikan dalam bentuk face mist dengan konsentrasi (b/v%) 3%, 5%, 7% mutu fisik dievaluasi secara uji organoleptis dan homogenitas, viskositas, pH, bobot jenis, daya sebar semprot, waktu kering dan uji antibakterinya menggunakan difusi sumuran yang dianalisis dengan uji One Way ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan daun jamblang mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tanin, steroid, terpenoid. Sediaan face mist berwarna hijau beraroma khas daun dan cair yang memiliki viskositas 1,16 ±0,115 cPs sampai 4.4 ± 0,754 cPs, pH 4,86 ±0,045 sampai 5,40 ± 0,045, bobot jenis 1,018 ±0,010 g/mL sampai 1,044 ±0,002 g/mL, daya semprot 5,4 ± 0,057 cm sampai 7 ± 0 cm, waktu kering 2.42 ± 0,02 menit sampai 4.35 ± 0,075 menit. Aktivitas daya hambat face mist F1 (3%), F2 (5%), F3 (7%) terhadap P. acnes sebesar 10,27 ± 1,625 mm, 14,79 ± 3,215 mm, 18,67 ±3,230 mm. Semua formulasi face mist memenuhi syarat mutu fisik yang baik, untuk hasil uji antibakteri konsentrasi (b/v%) F1 3%, kategori sedang F2 5% kategori kuat F3 7%. Hasil uji One Way ANOVA menunjukkan nilai signifikansi < 0,05, yang mengindikasikan adanya perbedaan aktivitas antibakteri antar variasi formula. Uji Post Hoc LSD dilakukan untuk mengetahui kelompok yang memiliki perbedaan signifikan secara spesifik. Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara F1 (3%) dan F3 (7%). Sementara itu, tidak ditemukan perbedaan signifikan antara F1 (3%) dengan F2 (5%) maupun F3 (7%) karena nilai signifikansi >0,05. Secara keseluruhan, hasil uji zona hambat menunjukkan bahwa ketiga formulasi memiliki tingkat aktivitas penghambatan yang berbeda, dengan F1 (3%) berada pada kategori sedang, sedangkan F2 (5%) dan F3 (7%) termasuk kategori kuat.