Gambaran Tingkat Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil tentang Vaksinasi Covid-19 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kalongan
Description Of The Level Knowledge Of Pregnant Women About Covid-19 Vaccination In The Working Area Of The Kalongan Health Center
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35473/jhhs.v5i1.250Abstract
Pregnant women are at risk of being infected with Covid-19 because they are the most vulnerable population to exposure. Pregnant women can protect themselves with vaccinations. Covid-19 vaccination provides protection to the mother and helps the fetus to have Covid-19 antibodies. According to data from the Kalongan Health Center, as much as 70.08% had received the vaccine and the rest had not been due to the lack of knowledge of pregnant women about vaccines. Sufficient knowledge will influence the decision of pregnant women to come to the health service unit to get the vaccine. This study aims to describe the level of knowledge of pregnant women about the Covid-19 vaccination in the Kalongan Health Center Work Area. This type of quantitative descriptive research. Time for research 22 November-15 December 2021. The sample technique in this study was a total sample with a total sample of 126 pregnant women. The instrument is a questionnaire. Data were analyzed univariately. The results showed that most of the respondents aged 20-35 years were 95.2%, >35 years 4.0% and <20 years only 0.8%. Elementary school education 5.6%, junior high school 37.3%, high school/vocational school 50.0% and university 7.1%. Being in the second trimester as much as 47.6% and 52.4% in the third. Primigravida mothers were 42.1% and multigravida 57.9%. The knowledge level of pregnant women about the Covid-19 vaccination was in the less category as much as 15.1%, 34.9% sufficient and 50% good. The level of knowledge of pregnant women about the Covid-19 vaccination in the Kalongan Health Center Work Area is in the good category of 50%. Suggestions for the Kalongan Health Center to provide health education to increase knowledge about the importance of the Covid-19 vaccination.
ABSTRAK
Ibu hamil berisiko terinfeksi Covid-19 karena merupakan populasi paling rentan terpapar. Ibu hamil dapat melindungi diri dengan vaksinasi. Vaksinasi Covid-19 memberikan perlindungan pada ibu dan membantu janin memiliki antibodi Covid-19. Menurut data Puskesmas Kalongan sebanyak 70,08% sudah mendapatkan vaksin dan sisanya belum dikarenakan pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang vaksin yang masih kurang. Pengetahuan yang cukup akan mempengaruhi keputusan ibu hamil untuk datang ke unit pelayanan kesehatan untuk mendapatkan vaksin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang vaksinasi Covid-19 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kalongan. Jenis penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Waktu penelitian 22 November-15 Desember 2021. Teknik sampel dalam penelitian ini adalam total sampel dengan jumlah sampel 126 ibu hamil. Instrumen berupa kuesioner. Data dianalisis secara univariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar responden berusia 20-35 tahun sebanyak 95,2%, >35 tahun 4,0% dan < 20 tahun hanya 0,8%. Berpendidikan SD sebanyak 5,6%, SMP 37,3%, SMA/SMK 50,0% dan PT 7,1%. Berada pada trimester kedua sebanyak 47,6% dan ketiga 52,4%. Ibu primigravida sebanyak 42,1% dan multigravida 57,9%. Tingkat pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang vaksinasi Covid-19 dalam kategori kurang sebanyak 15,1%, cukup 34,9% dan baik 50%. Tingkat pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang vaksinasi Covid-19 di Wilayah Kerja Puskemas Kalongan dalam kategori baik sebanyak 50%. Saran bagi Puskesmas Kalongan untuk memberikan penyuluhan kesehatan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan mengenai pentingnya vaksinasi Covid-19.
Downloads
References
Budiman, & Riyanto, A. (2013). Kapita Selekta Kuesioner Pengetahuan dan Sikap Dalam Penelitian Kesehatan. Salemba Medika.
CDC. (2021b). COVID Data tracker. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#pregnant-population
CNN, I. (2021). POGI: 536 Ibu Hamil Positif Covid, 3 Persen Meninggal. CNN Indonesia. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20210702133914-20-662272/pogi-536-ibu-hamil-positif-covid-3-persen-meninggal/amp
Dana, P. M., Kolahdooz, F., Sadoughi, F., Moazzami, B., Chaichian, S., & Asemi, Z. (2020). COVID-19 and pregnancy: a review of current knowledge. Le Infezioni in Medicina, 1, 46–51.
Daryanti, E. (2020). Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kelengkapan Imunisasi Tetanus Toxoid pada Ibu Hamil Di Wilayah Kerrja Puskesmas Cilimus Kabupaten Garut Tahun 2019. JoMI (Journal of Midwifery Information), 1, 10–21.
Hailemariam, S., Mekonnen, B., Shifera, N., Endalkachew, B., Asnake, M., Assefa, A., & Qanche, Q. (2021). Predictors of pregnant women’s intention to vaccinate against coronavirus disease 2019: A facility-based cross-sectional study in southwest Ethiopia. SAGE Open Medicine, 9, 1–8. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121211038454
Hoax Buster. (2021). [SALAH]"Vaksin Sinovac Covid-19 yang akan disuntikkan kepada warga hanya untuk kelinci percobaan". https://covid19.go.id/p/hoax-buster/salah-vaksi-sinovac-covid-19-yang-akan-di-suntikkan-kepada-warga-hanya-untuk-kelinci-percobaan
Hossain, E., Rana, J., Islam, S., Khan, A., Chakrobortty, S., Ema, N. S., & Bekun, F. V. (2021). COVID-19 vaccine-taking hesitancy among Bangladesh people: knowledge, perceptions and attitude perspective. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 1–10. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2021.1968215
Islam, S., Kamal, A.-H. M., Kabir, A., L.Southern, D., Khan, S. H., Hasan, M., Sarkar, T., Sharmin, S., Das, S., Roy, T., Harun, G. D., Chunghtai, A. A., Homaira, N., & Seale, H. (2021). COVID-19 vaccine rumors and conspiracy theories: The need for cognitive inoculation against misinformation to improve vaccine adherence. PLoS ONE, 16, 1–17. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1371/jornal.pone.0251605
Kemenkes, R. (2017). Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 12 Tahun 2017 Tentang Penyelenggaraan Imunisasi.
Liu, D., Li, L., Wu, X., Zheng, D., Wang, J., Yang, L., & Zheng, C. (2020). Pregnancy and Perinatal Outcomes of Women With Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pneumonia: A Premilinary Analysis. American Journal of Roentgenology, 215, 127–132. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.20.23072
Malik, A. A., McFadden, S. M., Elharake, J., & Omer, S. B. (2020). Determinant of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in the US. EClinicalMedicine, 26, 1–8. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100495
Mose, A., & Yeshaneh, A. (2021). COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance and Its Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Clinic in Southwest Ethiopia:Institutional-Based Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of General Medicine, 14, 2385–2395. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S314346
Nasir, N. M., Joyosemito, I. S., Boerman, B., & Ismaniah. (2021). Kebijakan Vaksinasi COVID-19: Pendekatan Pemodelan Matematika Dinamis Pada Efektivitas Dan Dampak Vaksin Di Indonesia. Jurnal ABDIMAS (Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat), 4, 191–204. http://ejurnal.ubharajaya.ac.id/index.php/Jabdimas
Nasriyah, Islami, & Asiyah, N. (2021). The Effectiveness of Giving the COVID-19 Vaccine in Pregnancy. Urecol Journal, 1, 54–60. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.53017/ujhs.76
Notoatmodjo, S. (2012). Metodologi Penelitian Kesehatan. Rineka Cipta.
Pakpahan, S. (2021). Health Education and Promotion of Covid-19 Vaccine on the Willingness of Pregnant Women for Covid-19 Vaccination. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal, 4, 13052–13060. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v4i4.3369
Pramanick, A., Kanneganti, A., Wong, J. L. J., Li, S. W., Dimri, P. S., Mahyuddin, A. P., Kumar, S., Illanes, S. E., Chan, J. K. Y., Su, L. L., Biswas, A., Tambyah, P. A., Huang, R. Y.-J., Mattar, C. N. Z., & Choolani, M. (2021). A reasoned approach towards administering COVID-19 vaccines to pregnant women. Prenatal Diagnosis, 41, 1018–1035. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/pd.5985
Renfrew, M. J., Cheyne, H., Craig, J., Duff, E., Dykes, F., Hunter, B., Lavender, T., Page, L., Ross-Davie, M., Spiby, H., & Downe, S. (2020). Sustaining quality midwifery care in a pandemic and beyond. Midwefery, 88, 1–7. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2020.102759
Richens, Y., Wilkinson, M., & Connor, D. (2020). Guidance for the provision of antenatal services during the COVID-19 pandemic. British Journal of Midwifery, 28, 324–327. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2020.28.5.324
Rottenstreich, M., Sela, H., Rotem, R., Kadish, E., Wiener-Well, Y., & Grisaru-Granovsky, S. (2021). Covid-19 vaccination during teh third trimeser of pregnancy: rate of vaccination and maternal and neonatal outcomes, a multicentre retrospective cohort study. BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 129, 1–8. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.16941
Sohrabi, C., Alsafi, Z., O’Neill, N., Khan, M., Kerwan, A., Al-Jabir, A., Iosifidis, C., & Agha, R. (2020). World Health Organization declares global emergency: A review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19). International Journal of Surgery, 76, 71–76. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jisu/2020.02.034
Sokhiyatun, Hidayah, L., & Setiyani, A. (2016). Hubungan Karakteristik Ibu Hamil Dengan Kelengkapan Imunisasi Tetanus Toxoid Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tahunan Jepara. Jurnal Kebidanan, 5, 5–10.
Stuckelberger, S., Favre, G., Ceulemans, M., Nordeng, H., Gerbier, E., Lambelet, V., Stojanov, M., Winterfeld, U., Baud, D., Panchaud, A., & Pomar, L. (2021). SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Willingness among Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women during the First Pandemic Wave: A Cross-Sectional Study in Switzerland. Viruses 2021, 13, 1–13. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/v13071199
Suhartini, & Ahmad. (2016). Hubungan Karakteristik Ibu Hamil Dengan Pengetahuan Tentang Imunisasi TT 2 + Di Desa PasarKeong Kecamatan Cibadak Kabupaten Lebak Tahun 2015. Jurnal Medikes, 3, 131–142.
Sutarno, M. (2019). Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan dengan Pengetahuan Ibu Tentang Imunisasi Dasar di RT 07/018 Tambun Selatan Barat. Jurnal Antara Kebidanan, 2, 37–45.
Tosepu, R., Gunawan, J., Effendy, D. S., Ahmad, L. O. A. I., Lestari, H., Bahar, H., & Asfian, P. (2020). Correlation between weather and Covid-19 pandemic in Jakarta, Indonesia. Science of The Total Environment, 725, 138–436. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138436
