Hubungan Efikasi Diri Keluarga dengan Tingkat Kekambuhan Pasien Skizofrenia di RSJ Amino Gondohutomo Semarang
The Relationship Between Family Self-Efficacy and the Relapse Rate of Schizophrenia Patients at Amino Gondohutomo Psychiatric Hospital, Semarang
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35473/jhhs.v8i2.748Keywords:
Efikasi diri keluarga, Tingkat kekambuhan, Skizofrenia.Abstract
Schizophrenia is a global health issue that requires the active involvement of families in home-based care, particularly regarding medication adherence and the implementation of nursing interventions. Family self-efficacy plays a crucial role in the ability to face and overcome various care-related challenges. Therefore, research on family self-efficacy is essential to support the continuity of care and improve the quality of life for patients with schizophrenia. This study aims to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and the relapse rate among patients with schizophrenia. This study used a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study was all families caring for schizophrenia patients at the Amino Gondohutomo Mental Hospital in Semarang in March 2025, totaling 520 patients. The sampling technique used in this study was accidental sampling. The sample size was 105 families. The stages of this research included the first stage of preparation, data collection by distributing three questionnaires to patients' families, and data processing and report preparation. Self-efficacy was measured using the Caregiver Self-Efficacy Scale for Serious Mental Illnesses questionnaire, consisting of 20 statements. Relapse in schizophrenia patients was assessed using the Relapse Assessment for Schizophrenia Patients (RASP) questionnaire. Bivariate testing used the Kendall's tau test. The study showed that most respondents had moderate family self-efficacy (88 respondents (83.8%), and moderate relapse rates (64 respondents (61%). Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between family self-efficacy and relapse rates in schizophrenia patients at Amino Gondohutomo Mental Hospital in Semarang, with a p-value of 0.001 with a correlation coefficient of -0.512, indicating a negative relationship of moderate strength Families are expected to improve their self-efficacy in caring for ill family members by improving their knowledge, caregiving skills, and active involvement in the treatment process. Strong self-efficacy can help families feel more confident in supporting therapy adherence and preventing relapse.
ABSTRAK
Skizofrenia merupakan masalah kesehatan global yang memerlukan peran aktif keluarga dalam perawatan di rumah, terutama dalam kepatuhan pengobatan dan pelaksanaan intervensi keperawatan. Self-efficacy keluarga berperan penting dalam kemampuan menghadapi dan mengatasi berbagai kendala perawatan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian mengenai self-efficacy keluarga diperlukan untuk mendukung keberlangsungan perawatan dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien skizofrenia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan efikasi diri dengan tingkat kekambuhan pasien skizofrenia. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan metode Kuantitatif dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh keluarga yang merawat pasien skizofrenia di Poli RSJ Amino Gondohutomo Semarang, pada bulan Maret 2025 sejumlah 520 pasien. Teknik yang digunakan untuk pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah Accidental Sampling. Adapun sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 105 keluarga. Tahapan Penelitian ini mencakup tahap pertama adalah persiapan, tahap melakukan pengambilan data dengan membagikan ketiga kuesioner untuk diisi oleh keluarga pasien, dan tahap pengolahan data dan penyusunan laporan. Efikasi diri menggunakan kuesioner Caregiver Self‑Efficacy Scale for Serious Mental Illnesses terdiri 20 pernyataan. Dan kekambuhan pasien skizofrenia menggunakan kuesioner Relapse Assessment for Schizophrenia Patients (RASP). Adapun uji bivariat menggunakan uji Kendall tau. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki efikasi diri keluarga dalam kategori sedang sebanyak 88 responden (83,8%) dan tingkat kekambuhan sedang sebanyak 64 responden (61%). Analisis bivariat menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara efikasi diri keluarga dengan tingkat kekambuhan pasien skizofrenia di RSJ Amino Gondohutomo Semarang dengan nilai p < 0,001 dengan nilai koefisien korelasi -0,512 hubungan negatif dan kekuatan sedang. Keluarga diharapkan dapat meningkatkan efikasi diri dalam merawat anggota keluarga yang sakit melalui peningkatan pengetahuan, keterampilan perawatan, serta keterlibatan aktif dalam proses pengobatan. Efikasi diri yang baik dapat membantu keluarga lebih percaya diri dalam mendukung kepatuhan terapi dan mencegah terjadinya kekambuhan.
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